word
| original meaning
| metonymic use
|
General
|
damages
| destructive effects
| money paid in compensation
|
|
| a promise (to give/keep/break one's word); a conversation (to have a word with)
|
sweat
| perspiration
| hard work
|
tongue
| oral muscle
| a language or dialect
|
aggregation,
assembly
| coming together
| result of coming together; those who come together
|
city hall
| a city's chief administrative building
| city government or government in general (Common usage in axiom, "You can't fight city hall.")
|
dish
| an item of crockery
| a course (in dining)
|
jigsaw
| cutting tool
| jigsaw puzzle
|
militia
| military or defense activity
| those engaged in or subject to being required to engage in defense activity
|
service
| doing for others
| those who serve (especially military)
|
American
|
Washington
| capital of the United States
| the United States federal government
|
The White House
| Official residence of the President of the United States
| the President and staff
|
Wall Street
| a street in Lower Manhattan, New York City
| the United States financial and banking industry
|
Broadway
| an avenue running the length of Manhattan Island in New York City
| Broadway theatre in particular, and American theatre in general
|
The Pentagon
| the office building in Arlington, Virginia that serves as the headquarters of the US Defense Department
| the US Defense Department, the US Secretary of Defense and high-ranking military officials based there
|
Capitol Hill
| The neighborhood in which the United States Capitol is located
| the United States Congress
|
Madison Avenue
| a street in New York City
| the United States advertising industry
|
Seventh Avenue
| a street in New York City
| the United States fashion industry
|
Cupertino
| a city in the state of California
| Apple Inc., which is headquartered there
|
Detroit
| largest city in the state of Michigan
| the United States automobile industry, which is centered in the Detroit area
|
Houston
| largest city in the state of Texas
| NASA Mission Control, from the phrase "Houston, we've had a problem"
|
Cape Canaveral
| a geographic feature in the state of Florida near the…
| NASA Kennedy Space Center and Cape Canaveral Air Force Station
|
the people
| human beings, or a specific group thereof
| some state governments in criminal prosecution matters, e.g., "People (of the State of Michigan) versus X", as opposed to "State (of Ohio) versus Y"
|
British
|
England
| a country within the United Kingdom
| the United Kingdom as a whole
|
The Crown
| a monarch's headwear
| the British monarchy
|
The Palace
| Buckingham Palace
| The monarch's office
|
New Scotland Yard
| a London building, the headquarters of the Metropolitan Police
| Metropolitan Police
|
The City
| the City of London
| the British financial markets, historically centred in The City
|
Westminster
| the City of Westminster in London
| The Parliament of the United Kingdom , or the UK Government, which is located there
|
Thames House
| Headquarters of…
| the British Security Services
|
Whitehall
| a street in the City of Westminster, the headquarters of the British Civil Service and various Governmental Departments
| the offices of the British government's senior bureaucrats; the British Civil service or a Government Department
|
Fleet Street
| a street in London
| the British press, particularly newspapers, or the British newspaper industry
|
Downing Street or "Number 10"
| Official residence of the Prime Minister[1]
| the British Prime Minister and his or her staff
|
Vauxhall Cross
| Headquarters of…
| the Secret Intelligence Service (aka MI6)
|
Canadian
|
the Crown
| The monarch
| Usually used in court as the federal or provincial government as in "The crown Versus …"
|
Ottawa
| the capital of Canada
| the Canadian federal government
|
European
|
Brussels
| the capital city of Belgium, also home to most of the…
| Institutions of the European Union
|
the Kremlin
| A fortified complex in Moscow
| Formerly the Soviet government; used today to a lesser extent for the Russian government
|
any country's capital city
| the country's capital
| that country's government in general, and often, as the whole country itself
|
Toompea
| A limestone hill in Tallinn, Estonia
| The Government and Parliament of Estonia
|
В отличие от синонимии и антонимии паронимия основана на формальном сходстве между словами. Термин «пароним» (из греч. para - «около» и onima - «имя») относится к словам, обладающим близостью как формальной, так и (частично) семантической структуры, и обозначает еще одну универсалию в системе лексических отношений. Так, паронимы многих языков обладают сходством (близостью) звучания, но в английском языке возможны также и «глазные» паронимы, близость между которыми проявляется только в письменной, воспринимаемой зрительно форме (adage/adagio). Паронимы могут частично совпадать по морфологическому составу, нередко обладая этимологическим родством (рус. одеть/ надеть; англ. conservatory/conservatoir).