Differences concerning stress
The starting point of the American standard was the English language of the 17th century. Now we speak of the national variant of English in the USA – American English. English and American people hate each other. “You know the Americans and the English are 2 different people separated by common language. There are certain varieties of educated American speech. In the USA 3 main types of cultivated speech are recognized:
General American pronunciation is known to be the pronunciation standard of the USA. Reasons: 1) GA is the form of speech by radio and TV. 2) Mostly used in scientific, cultural and business intercourse 3) The prevailing form of speech and pronunciation
The peculiarities: The differences mainly concern the pronunciation of individual consonants:
Right River Write Crime Sister Rose [r] is articulated differently from RP. The impression is one of greater retroflection. The tip of the tongue is curled back further than in RP.
Look
RP GA Latter [lQtə] [lQdə] Ladder [lQdə] [lQdə] The vowel before a voiced consonant is a bit shorter.
Twenty – [tweni] Little – [lil] Winter – [winə] and winner – [winə] sound identically.
In RP: Where – ware Which – witch In GA: Where – [hw] Which – [hw]
RP GA Suit [sju:t] [su:t] Knew [nju:] [nu:] News [nju:s] [nu:z] Student [stju:dent] [stu:dent]
Excursion Version Asia exception: depression and information
He would have hurt him if he had had his gun with him. [ev] [im] [is] [im] · Nasality – “American Twang” – is a common characteristic of American English although it’s treated by some phoneticians as a defect of American speech. It is limited to vowels adjacent to [m], [n] and [N]. The preceding vowel becomes nasal, but the vowel [Q] and the diphthong [αU] are nasalized in any position Man Now About Long Song Matter
The differences concerning vowels: · [Q] is frontier and longer than that in RP A black cat sat on a mat, and rapidly ate a fat rat. In GA [Q] is used in most words in which the letter “a” is followed by a consonant except “r” (in RP [α:] is used) GA RP [Qsk] [α:sk] [dQns] [dα:ns] [tSQns] [tSα:ns] [lQst] [lα:st] [Qnsər] [α:nsə] [Qt] [α:t] [Qnt] [α:nt] [hQf] [hα:f] GA [Q] is tense, long and nasalized before the sounds [m], [n] and [d] Bad – [bQ:d} Land Man In GA before a consonant [r] + a vowel [e] is used instead of [Q] Carry Marry Parrot Thus the words “marry” and “merry” are homophones. · [Q] is pronounced without lip rounding just like [α] RP GA Box [bQks] [bαks] Stop [stQp] [stαp] In the words “long” and “strong” [Q] is labialized.
Gate – [get] Date – [det] Make – [mek]
Now Down Town
Boat – [bot] Coat – [cot]
RP GA Either [αiD«] [i:D«r] Leisure [leZ«] [li:Z«r] Schedule [Sedj«l] [skedj«l] Vase [vα:z] [veiz] Tomato [t«mα:tÎU] [t«meitÎU]
Stress differences: The most typical distribution concerning primary stress:
RP GA Ballet [ÈbQlei] [bQÈlei] Beret [Èberei] [b«Èrei]
RP GA Address [«dÈres] [QdÈres] Cigarette [Çsig«Èret] [Èsig«r«t] Magazine [ÇmQg«Èzi:n] [ÈmQg«zi:n] Research [risÈÎ:tS] [Èri:sÎ:tS] Adult [«ÈdÃlt] [ÈQdÃlt] Absolutely [ÇQbs«Èlutli] [ÈQbs«lutli] Intonation differences: GA intonation has a general resemblance to that of RP. But anyway there are a few differences:
RP: I Èdon’t Èwant to Ègo to the °theatre.
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